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Caprine encephalitis12/27/2023 Lab Results: An ELISA with antibodies against CAEV (caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus) was performed on a suspension of lung tissue, post mortem. This test was positive for presence of these antibodies.ÂĬontributor Comment: CAEV (caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus) is a lentivirus of the family Retroviridae, a member of the small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs). CAEV causes arthritis in adult goats, neurologic disease in younger animals and pneumonia that can occur concurrently with arthritis and encephalitis. Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial, eosinophilic, moderate, multifocal with few intralesional larvae and adults of small lung worm, (family Protostrongylidae).Įtiology: CAEV (caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus). Morphologic Diagnosis: Lung: Pneumonia, interstitial, chronic, lymphocytic, severe, diffuse with intra-alveolar eosinophilic fluid and hyperplasia of pneumocytes type II and smooth muscles. In addition, there is eosinophilic and granulomatous lymphadenitis of the mediastinal and tracheobronchial lymph nodes, as well as lymphohistiocytic (subependymal) encephalitis and meningitis. Occasionally within alveoli there are transverse and longitudinal sections of nematode larvae admixed with eosinophilic debris. In some sections rare adult lung worms are present in alveolar lumina. The distinctive pointed tail that is characteristic of a Protostrongylidae was not identified however, only a single transversely cut adult was seen. The interstitial fibrous tissue septa exhibit mild to moderate diffuse infiltration of eosinophils, dilated blood vessels and moderate edema. There is severe type II pneumocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy, characterized by typical cuboidal cells outlining the septal walls.Âīronchioli are often difficult to separate from alveoli, since the bronchiolar epithelium is hyperplastic and sometimes necrotic. Bronchiolar lumina are also filled with an eosinophilic exudate and nuclear debris, with degenerating eosinophils. The bronchiolar walls show moderate hypertrophy of the smooth muscles. The lung displays frequent diffuse eosinophilic homogenous fluid and debris in most of the alveolar spaces and bronchiole lumina. The homogenous fluid also contains a small amount of nuclear debris and degenerating granulocytes. The alveolar septal walls are markedly widened due to multiple foci of necrotic debris and moderate diffuse to multifocal infiltration of lymphocytes. There are also moderate multifocal to diffuse, infiltrates of eosinophils within alveolar and bronchiolar septal walls, and perivascularly adjacent to bronchi. A few follicular accumulations of lymphocytes are present in the septal walls. The liver had pale severely fibrotic bile ducts, diffusely. Bilateral mild hyperemia of carpal joints was noted as well as mild meningeal hyperemia. Gross Description: The lungs were pale, enlarged and firm. Cut surfaces showed multiple to diffuse solid, poorly circumscribed, pale areas. Regional lymph nodes (mediastinal and tracheo-bronchial) were severely enlarged and pale with well-defined cortex and medulla structures. The goat was euthanized due to increasing dyspnea. The animal was anorectic, with a temperature of 39.5â¦C and started to become dehydrated. The goat had been showing signs of dyspnea for 1.5 weeks and was treated with penicillin without improvement. The other goats in the herd were all healthy without respiratory symptoms. Signalment: 20-month-old female landrace goat, ( Capra aegagrus circus).This animal was used for teaching physiology to veterinary students at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
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